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Yirong Feng, Jianxin Shi, Qingya Wang, Bingxiao Feng, Yongqing Wei, Wei He, Hengjun Gai. Multi-scale research on coal chemical wastewater treatment: Pollutant molecules, technologies, and process integration. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.020
Citation: Yirong Feng, Jianxin Shi, Qingya Wang, Bingxiao Feng, Yongqing Wei, Wei He, Hengjun Gai. Multi-scale research on coal chemical wastewater treatment: Pollutant molecules, technologies, and process integration. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.020
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Multi-scale research on coal chemical wastewater treatment: Pollutant molecules, technologies, and process integration

doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.020

  • a. College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, P. R. China;

  • b. China Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., LTD, Yinchuan 750011, P. R. China;

  • c. College of Resources Environment & Safety Engineering, Jining University, Jining 273155, P. R. China;

  • d. College of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology-Beijing, Beijing 100083, P. R. China

Funds:

The research has been supported by the National Key R&

The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20240554).

D Program of China (2024YFB4105500)

  • Received date 16 November 2025, Accepted date 25 March 2026, RevRecd date 19 January 2026, Available online 31 March 2026
    Abstract
  • The coal chemical industry serves as an indispensable element in the fabric of the global energy system. However, the wastewater generated from its production processes exhibits high chemical oxygen demand, high toxicity, and poor biodegradability, which poses a considerable challenge to the industry’s ecological sustainability. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in treatment technologies for coal chemical wastewater (CCW) through a “pollutant molecules–technology–process integration” framework analyzed from micro- to macro-scale perspectives. It begins by delineating the complex chemical composition of CCW and identifying key toxic substances, thereby clarifying the current challenges in treatment processes and establishing a micro-scale foundation for technological development. The review then highlights solvent extraction, grounded in intermolecular interactions, as a core method for recovering phenolic compounds. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the performance and mechanisms of biological treatment and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the deep removal of refractory organic pollutants. Finally, from a macro-scale perspective, the integration of pretreatment, biological treatment, and AOPs into systematic frameworks trains is discussed. A thorough understanding of the molecular characteristics of pollutants is crucial for developing efficient treatment technologies. Moreover, system-level integration via process intensification and technological synergy is considered essential for achieving efficient purification and resource recovery from CCW.

     

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