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Xiaokang Yue, Yufeng Hou, Luyao Xie, Fei Han, Zhongxu Zhang, Qingxin Guan, Wei Li. In-situ Encapsulation of Pt and Acid-Site Engineering in Hierarchical SAPO-11 for Enhanced Isomerization-cracking and Anti-Coking in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.001
Citation: Xiaokang Yue, Yufeng Hou, Luyao Xie, Fei Han, Zhongxu Zhang, Qingxin Guan, Wei Li. In-situ Encapsulation of Pt and Acid-Site Engineering in Hierarchical SAPO-11 for Enhanced Isomerization-cracking and Anti-Coking in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.001
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In-situ Encapsulation of Pt and Acid-Site Engineering in Hierarchical SAPO-11 for Enhanced Isomerization-cracking and Anti-Coking in Sustainable Aviation Fuel Production

doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2026.03.001

  • College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

Funds:

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, 22172082 and 22578224), the NCC Fund (NCC2022PY07), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities. We thank the staff at Analysis Platform of New Matter Structure at Nankai University for their assistance with collecting TEM and AC-TEM data.

  • Received date 15 November 2025, Accepted date 01 March 2026, RevRecd date 30 January 2026, Available online 09 March 2026
    Abstract
  • Isomerization-cracking is a critical step in the preparation of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). The practical application of conventional Pt/SAPO-11 catalysts is hampered by several deactivation mechanisms: metal sintering, pore blockage, and inefficient mass transfer of bulky molecules, all contributing to unsustainable performance over time. To overcome these challenges, this study introduces a novel Pt@SAPO-11-H catalyst, where sub-nanometric Pt clusters are encapsulated within a hierarchically porous SAPO-11 framework. The synthesis employs a ligand-assisted in situ encapsulation strategy with P123 as a mesoprogen. Beyond constructing hierarchical porosity, a critical secondary role of P123: the formation of amorphous AlPO4 during crystallization, which selectively covers strong acid sites on SAPO-11. This acid-site engineering effectively suppresses excessive cracking, a key factor for maximizing SAF yield. Comprehensive characterizations confirmed the confinement of Pt clusters, the hierarchical pore structure, and the moderated acidity. Catalytic evaluation using octadecane as a model feedstock, achieving a 66.4% SAF yield with a 4.12 i/n ratio. The SAF yields of cottonseed oil, castor oil, palm oil, and tiger nut oil reached 82%, 70.2%, 79%, and 80% respectively. These results highlight the dual benefits of hierarchical porosity for enhanced diffusion and metal encapsulation for precise active site localization, offering a promising solution for scalable SAF production.

     

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