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Zhiqiang Cui, Siqi Zhan, Rui Mei, Mengping Liu, Minglei Cao, Qin Wang, Yating Zhao, Rui Tong, Dongming Cai, Zhenghui Pan. Recent Progress of Surface/Interface Modification of Transition Metal Oxides for Enhancing Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Activity. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2025.12.013
Citation: Zhiqiang Cui, Siqi Zhan, Rui Mei, Mengping Liu, Minglei Cao, Qin Wang, Yating Zhao, Rui Tong, Dongming Cai, Zhenghui Pan. Recent Progress of Surface/Interface Modification of Transition Metal Oxides for Enhancing Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Activity. Green Energy&Environment. doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2025.12.013
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Recent Progress of Surface/Interface Modification of Transition Metal Oxides for Enhancing Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion Activity

doi: 10.1016/j.gee.2025.12.013

  • a. Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy storage and Power Batery, School of New Energy, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, PR China;

  • b. College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan, 442000, PR China;

  • c. Hubei Key Laboratory of Green Intelligent Manufacturing Technologies of Battery Key Materials, School of New Energy, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, PR China;

  • d. Hubei WanRun New Energy Technology co., Ltd, Shiyan, 442500, PR China;

  • e. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, PR China

Funds:

This work was supported by the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 2025AFD225, 2024AFD095), Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20231809) and Ph.D. Research Startup Fund (BK202217 and BK202013) from Hubei University of Automotive Technology. Financial support by open fund of Hubei Key Laboratory of Energy Storage and Power Battery (ZDK22023B06, ZDK22024B03 and ZDK22023A05), Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronic Control (ZDK12023B03 and ZDK1202201) is also acknowledged.

  • Received date 04 September 2025, Accepted date 26 December 2025, RevRecd date 27 November 2025, Available online 20 January 2026
    Abstract
  • The electrochemical performance of transition metal oxides (TMOs) is significantly influenced by their surfaces and interfaces, which are pivotal in facilitating charge transfer, ion diffusion, and catalytic reactions. However, intrinsic limitations such as poor conductivity, insufficient active sites, and structural instability often hinder their efficiency. Surface/interface modification addresses these challenges by engineering the material at the atomic and nanoscale levels, thereby enhancing its functional performance. The rational design of transition metal oxide (TMO) surfaces and interfaces is pivotal in advancing electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies, which involves tailoring the surface electronic structure, optimizing the surface topography, enhancing charge transfer rates, and incorporating vacancy defects. Surface and interface modification offers a plethora of active sites, thereby becoming indispensable in enhancing material properties. This review systematically summarizes the latest advancements in the surface/interface modification of transition metal oxides, with a particular focus on the strategies to enhance the electrochemical performance and stability of these materials in energy storage applications. It kicks off with a thorough exploration of vacancy engineering and delves into the fundamental mechanisms behind ion doping. Subsequently, various methods for modifying interfaces and surfaces, including thermal treatment, reduction method, cation/anion doping, plasma treatment, combustion treatment, laser ablation, are meticulously discussed. Furthermore, the crucial role of surface/interface modification of transition metal oxides in catalysis, supercapacitors, and secondary batteries is elaborated in detail. Finally, the review addresses the challenges and future prospects associated with modifying the surfaces/interfaces of transition met.

     

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